Deranged Conservatives
Jeremy GayedIn Leviathan, Hobbes entertained a thought experiment in which he reduced man to his fundamental essence, so as to reason, free of doctrinal prejudice, from first principles to a coherent theory on how man ought to be governed. Starting with the now-famous presumption that life for this primitive man was “nasty, brutish, and short,” Hobbes reasoned his way to a benevolent dictator who could ensure that life for most people was pleasanter, kinder, and longer. The keystone to Hobbes’s conclusion was his underlying (and never satisfactorily justified) presumption that the ultimate “good” of personal and political life was material well-being. If the Hobbesian answer to the Platonic question is correct, Hobbes’s conclusion is difficult to disagree with, at least at a broad level.
Since then, post-modern philosophy has relegated to a place of scorn the ideas of the fundamental man, first principles, unprejudiced reasoning, coherent theory, and “ought”. Although post-modern thought denies the validity of nearly all of Hobbes’s presumptions, it ironically reaches precisely the same conclusion. Making some philosophically small adjustments to bow to the stark reality of the efficacy of capitalism, the progressive heirs of the academic tradition tell us that because material well-being is the ultimate political good, and because many people left to their own devices in a free state do not maximize their material well-being, freedom should be sacrificed to the extent necessary to distribute material goods efficiently for all.
This is sometimes the language used by academics, but rarely by politicians. They dress up the concept with more palatable words like “aid,” “new deal,” “fair taxation,” “helping Main Street,” “stimulus,” “gun control and violence prevention,” “universal health care,” and a host of other pleasant-sounding initiatives. Each of these, however, is an application of the same principle–freedom, to the extent it prevents the broadest possible distribution of material acquisition, must be eliminated and replaced with an enlightened power structure to redistribute resources.
From these seeds, the shrubbery of our current government has grown. Higher taxes, libertine spending, massive wealth-redistribution, open borders, increased direct government dependency, and federal control of every corner of private life not only make sense from this perspective; the policies flow directly from the materialist premise. Most progressives believe the materialist premise is self-evident–it is not surprising, therefore, that they believe their policy conclusions are similarly self-evident, nor is it surprising that they are baffled when others disagree. This bafflement was so pronounced in the previous generation of progressives that they took, in all seriousness, to labeling conservative thought as a form of mental derangement. They didn’t necessarily mean it as an insult. They meant it as a literal description of the condition of a person who disagrees with a self-evident truth, like a person who truly believes the sky is not blue.
And this is where conservatives in America find themselves today. Increasingly, the materialist premise is accepted as a “self-evident” truth. Alternative answers to Plato’s question–answers such as “to secure freedom of conscience,” or “to secure individual liberty generally,” or even “to preserve human dignity” (to the extent ‘dignity’ is defined to mean something entirely non-material) are met by progressives with the same disbelief and shock that a sane man would express at the obscene ravings of a lunatic.
To the extent progressives conclude that the conservative viewpoint is both: (1) self-evidently incorrect; and (2) the product of derangement; they, logically, further conclude that it need not be respected or even accorded serious attention. There is no harm and much good in a “fairness doctrine” to silence it, thereby restoring some sanity to am radio. There is no harm in using parliamentary procedure to shut out the voices of those states so backwards as to have elected conservatives to the legislature. And there is certainly no harm in appointing a host of technocratic benevolent dictators (”czars”) to govern every aspect of individual lives, including what media and opinions the crazy people consume. It is, after all, for their own good (as self-evidently defined above).
There are two immediately obvious problems with this line of reasoning (aside from the fact that it is both soulless and smug): (1) the idea of a ’self-evident’ political truth obviates the entire need for a democracy, and its mother concept, the free market of ideas. To the extent progressives truly believe their conclusions, the American system of limited democratic government is a hindrance that should be eliminated; and (2) The statistical majority of Americans deeply resent a benevolent dictator, even one acting for their own good.
The result is that, the more the tyrants of public opinion demand adherence to their worldview, the more apparent becomes their disdain for the opinions of the majority of their public audience. Do they think we’re stupid? has become an increasingly common response to the media and our leaders in Washington, particularly in the flyover states. The answer, of course, is: No, they don’t think you’re stupid. They think you’re insane.

March 7th, 2009 at 1:08 pm
The late, great Richard Hofstadter (a dyed-in-the-wool Liberal) did quite a bit to promote the idea that traditionalism and conservatism are both neuroses in “The Paranoid Style in American Politics”. He identifies this angry, irrational style in the Know-Nothings, the Illuminatis, the Masons, and the KKK of old and (in his time) McCarthyism and the John Birch Society. Notably absent from his analysis are any movements on the political Left — despite the fact that Wilson was a poster child for the Paranoid Style as Hofstadter describes it.
The hubris of this view — that traditional political ideals are the result of an unbalanced mental state — is truly breathtaking. It amounts to a psychological indictment on virtually all of human history. Liberalism as we know it goes back no further than the 1890s and the Progressive Era (spell that word as you wish: http://onethoughtafteranother.blogspot.com/2009/02/selling-our-birthright-for-mess-of.html).
Its intellectual foundations go back no further than the Reformation (from which it drew its anti-clericalism and disdain for traditional authority) and the Enlightenment (from which it drew its materialist metaphysic and its naively absolute faith in human beings). It is a completely revisionist philosophy which claims to trump every other philosophy or religious tradition — not, like Christianity (because it perfects and makes sense of them) but like Islam (because it brooks no rival and crushes any competing explanation of the sunum bonum [the greatest good]).
What Liberalism claims is that all people at all times in the past were deranged and mistaken about the things that were most important to them. Only in our own time, they say, are we enlightened enough to see what really motivates people, and what is really good for them. (Many forms of conservative Evangelical and fundamentalist Christianity also make this mistake in asserting that only people who believe their particular forms of Christianity, or that only people who’ve physically heard the Gospel preached to them, can be saved.) Whereas traditional Christianity looks at much of human history as a flawed-but-honest search for the truth that has much merit to it, Liberalism looks at all of it as fatally flawed (and ultimately worthless).
I encountered this view for myself at a conference I attended while still in graduate school in DC. At that point I worked for a health care policy advocacy organization which hosted an annual conference with famous speakers. One speaker was the Washington Post Op-Ed writer, E.J. Dionne, who gave a speech about the need for Liberals to pursue their policy goals honestly and unashamedly. During the Q-and-A time after his speech, I asked him why I didn’t hear Liberals reference their philosophical traditions anywhere near as often as Conservatives. Why, I asked, when they have revered political philosophers like John Stuart Mill as well as newer philosophers like John Rawls and Richard Rorty to draw from did I so rarely meet Liberals who were at all well-versed in the philosophical underpinnings of their preferred politics?
Dionne’s response was both revealing and underwhelming. Liberals, he said, were too busy doing good things to reflect on the reasons why. Also, he said, Liberals eschewed such philosophers and traditions because “traditions” sounds so much like “traditional”, which is what Conservatives are about, for Liberals’ taste. So he essentially said that Liberals’ intellectual posture is that of unrepentantly rebellious adolescents, with a Pavlovian disdain for nearly anything revered or traditional (except for those traditions they revere — like the myths surrounding JFK’s Camelot and FDR’s New Deal).
Given this perspective, the fanatically revisionist and iconoclastic nature of modern Liberalism makes sense. Teenagers and college students tend to always think that they are experiencing things for the first time, that they alone have discovered the answers to questions that have vexed humanity for millennia, and that their infallibly correct answers must be implemented now. Most people usually grow out of this way of thinking as they mature. Political philosophies, however, are not people and they don’t necessarily have to mature. Liberalism hasn’t. Instead, in the spirit of adolescent arrogance, it’s come up with a self-evident explanation for why virtually all people at all times and in all places have disagreed with them: they’re crazy.
March 9th, 2009 at 9:51 pm
Great words Jeremy. Your prose reminds me a lot of J. Budziszewski’s ‘What We Can’t Not Know.’
“the progressive heirs [tell us that] because many people left to their own devices in a free state do not maximize their material well-being, freedom should be sacrificed to the extent necessary”
Fascinating to me, that liberals are able to argue from the hidden premise that servitude and bodily pleasure are intrinsically more important than freedom, and less-pleasure-than-otherwise. The argument is enthymemic, and that’s the premise that has got to be ’smoked out’. I am reminded of Viktor Frankl, a Viennese Psychiatrist who refuted Freud’s pleasure-principle with his meaning-principle. As he said, ‘No when will be able to make us believe that man is a sublimated animal, when once we have shown that in him there is a repressed angel.’ He also said ‘man can suffer almost any how, as long as he has a why’. (The logical corollary of which, is that if our society recognizes no summum bonum, and refuses to talk about it, even the slightest amount of suffering becomes intolerable…) I believe he may have been borrowing that line from Solzhenitsyn. Perhaps it is high time to post on this site, a portion of Solzenitsyn’s famous Harvard speech?
March 9th, 2009 at 10:18 pm
from Solzhenitsyn’s 1978 Harvard address: “There is a disaster, however, which has already been under way for quite some time. I am referring to the calamity of a despiritualized and irreligious humanistic consciousness… If humanism were right in declaring that man is born to be happy, he would not be born to die. Since his body is doomed to die, his task on earth evidently must be of a more spiritual nature. It cannot unrestrained enjoyment of everyday life. It cannot be the search for the best ways to obtain material goods and then cheerfully get the most out of them. It has to be the fulfillment of a permanent, earnest duty so that one’s life journey may become an experience of moral growth, so that one may leave life a better human being than one started it. It is imperative to review the table of widespread human values. Its present incorrectness is astounding. It is not possible that assessment of the President’s performance be reduced to the question of how much money one makes or of unlimited availability of gasoline. Only voluntary, inspired self-restraint can raise man above the world stream of materialism.”
March 12th, 2009 at 10:39 pm
Tom, that’s the heart of it. The irony is that, in the not too distant past, unfettered materialism would have been considered an error so self-evident it could only be the product of mental aberration.
To paraphrase Chesterton (if Paul hasn’t already), original sin is the only factually verifiable article of doctrine in any faith, anywhere.